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Some of us may feel little research is being undertaken for Male Infertility - this may be the case however the following is some that is.
Research Overview (Cleveland clinic USA)
One of the major goals of our Centre is to better understand the causes of infertility and to design studies aimed at understanding and improving semen quality. We hope this line of research will eventually result in strategies that will enable us to use the healthiest spermatozoa for fertilization to improve the chances of pregnancy. The fertilizing potential of sperm depends on the shape of the spermatozoa, the ability of the spermatozoa to perform the functions necessary for fertilizing an egg, and finally, the transfer of intact genetic material (DNA) to the egg at the time of fertilization. Abnormal spermatozoa are not fully mature, and when in the presence of white blood cells, they can produce harmful substances. These substances are very unstable and reactive molecules that are called free radicals. Other substances called antioxidants, which are present in normal healthy seminal ejaculates, reduce the harmful effects of free radicals by neutralizing them. However, infertile patients who have abnormal semen often have antioxidants that are ineffective neutralizers. This results in a preponderance of free radicals, which in turn results in a situation called oxidative stress. Oxidative stress can damage the DNA of the spermatozoa and prevent them from fertilizing an egg.
We are currently involved in projects evaluating oxidative stress-induced nuclear DNA damage and its effects on sperm quality and pregnancy outcome. Studies designed to understand how free radicals cause DNA damage and the possible methods to counteract them are currently being conducted. We are currently evaluating the role of nutritional supplements in reducing oxidative stress in infertile men and increasing the number of successful pregnancies.
1.The relationship between reactive oxygen species in semen and male infertility, RPC #4252, 1993 2.Effect of motility stimulants on human sperm after cryopreservation, RPC #4925, IRB #4925, 1995 3.Maximizing semen quality in spinal cord injured men, RPC #5269, IRB #5269, 1995 4.Improving post-thaw semen quality in cancer patients, RPC #5489, IRB #1441, 1995 5.Assessment of human sperm function after cryopreservation in processed and unprocessed semen, RPC #5490, IRB #1442, 1996 6.Seminal reactive oxygen species in men with varicocele, and the effect of in vitro antioxidant supplementation, RPC #5549, IRB #1514, 1996 7.Designing an algorithm to predict fertilizing capacity of spermatozoa using biochemical and functional assays, RPC #5765, IRB #1727, 1997 8.The effects of mycoplasmas on the semen analysis and the function of spermatozoa, RPC #5825, IRB #1819, 1997 9.The role of reactive oxygen species and total antioxidant capacity in persistent infertility following vasectomy reversal, RPC #6036, IRB #2155, 1997 10.Impact of oxidative stress and IL-6 on fertility in varicocele patients, RPC #6206, 1998 11.Predicting fertilization in an IVF program by use of mannose receptor assay, RPC #6238, IRB #2988, 1999 12.Changes in frequency of sperm chromosomal anomalies after chemotherapy for testicular cancer and Hodgkin's disease: a longitudinal study, RPC #6265, IRB #2989,1999 13.Role of reactive oxygen species in the pathophysiology of varicoceles and effects on antioxidant therapy alone or in combination with varicocele repair on sperm function and pregnancy outcome, AFUD, 1999-2001, IRB #3273 14.The role of oxidative stress in assisted reproduction, RPC #6362, IRB #3244, 1999 15.Role of oxidative stress and DNA damage in different subsets of ejaculated spermatozoa, RPC #6387, 1999 16.The role of defective spermiogenesis in male infertility: relationship between sperm immaturity and oxidative stress, RPC #6509, IRB #3853, 2000 17.Relevance of leukocytes on semen parameters, oxidative stress, and DNA damage in semen of infertile patients, RPC #6560, IRB #3841, 2000 18.Mechanism of nuclear DNA damage in mature sperm from infertile men, RPC #6770, IRB #4716, 2001 19.Levocarnitine fumerate and acetyl-l-carnitine combined supplementation in subfertile males with high reactive oxygen species, Sigma-Tau Health Sciences, Inc., Protocol STHS 01-01, IRB #4562, 2001 20.Oxidative stress mediated sperm DNA damage in infertility patients - possible role of apoptosis, RPC #07025, IRB #5474, 2002 21.Assessment of fertilizing potential of mouse germ cells matured in vitro, RPC #7531, ARC #07518, 2004 22.Characterization of intracellular reactive oxygen species in human spermatozoa, RPC#07549, IRB #6967, 2004 23.Assessing the quality of cryopreserved testicular biopsy tissue, it's relation to etiology of infertility and outcomes of assisted reproduction, IRB 7622, 2004 24.Varying patterns of semen analysis in men evaluated for infertility: A retrospective review, IRB 7644, 2004 25.Correlation of apoptotic markers with sperm fertilization potential, RPC #07812, IRB 7546 26.Demographics of male patients seeking intervention for infertility, IRB 6519, 2004 27.Comparison protocol for human semen samples: SQA-V versus microscopic assessment, IRB 8045, 2005 28.A novel glutathione-S-transferase (GST5mu) knockout mouse model for studying oxidative stress, RPC#1066/ARC#08077 29.Utility of PARP alterations following apoptotic and oxidative DNA damage in human spermatozoa, RPC #1067, IRB 8530 30.Effect of post-Katrina contaminants from Lake Pontchartrain on the male reproductive system, RPC #1011/ARC #08110 31.Antioxidant combinations to minimize human sperm apoptosis and DNA damage during cryopreservation, RPC #1097, IRB #425 32.Optimizing human sperm preparation techniques for selecting reactive oxygen species (ROS)-based high quality spermatozoa in assisted reproductive procedures, RPC #2007-1057 33.Effects of electromagnetic waves exposure from cell phones on semen quality, IRB #06-423 34.Optimizing sperm preparation techniques for selecting high quality spermatozoa in assisted reproductive procedures, RPC #07-949 35.Defining Sperm DNA Damage in Infertile Men with Varicocele and its Correlation with Oxidative Stress, RPC # 2007-1101 , IRB #08-095 36.Is poor sperm motility associated with defects in RhoGTPase in infertile men? RPC# 2007-1024, IRB 205 37.Effect of radiofrequency electromagnetic waves (RF-EMW) from the cell phone on human semen parameters, reactive oxygen species and DNA damage- an in vitro study, IRB # 08-231 38.Efficacy of L Carnitine before sperm processing for assisted reproduction techniques in reducing sperm DNA damage, RPC # 2008-1007, IRB # 08-225 39.Long term effects of electromagnetic waves on human semen, IRB #06-423 40.Effects of Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Waves (RF-EMW) from Cellular Phones on Human Ejaculated Semen, RPC 2008-1025 41.Smoking and semen parameters: Is the effect of smoking on male fertility a reversible process, RPC 2008-1033, IRB #304 42.Antioxidants Combinations to Minimize Human Sperm Apoptosis and DNA Damage during Cryopreservation, IRB 06-425 43.Comparison of temperature regulated vs. non-regulated bench-top centrifuge for sperm quality improvement, IRB 09-128 44.Comparative study of sperm vitrification and slow freezing, IRB 09-127 45.Characterizing pathophysiologic effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic waves (RF-EMW) emitted by cell phones on human spermatozoa, IRB 09-069 46.Role of Curcumin in reducing oxidative stress-induced sperm damage, RPC #2009-1040 47.Development and validation of a novel sperm vitrification system using the Ohio-Cryo vitrification device, RPC #2009-1038
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